Lasers
Laser use specific wavelengths of light that are absorbed by the melanin in the pigmented areas of the skin. The laser energy heats up and breaks down the melanin into smaller particles, which are then naturally cleared away by the body's immune system. The surrounding skin is not significantly affected, as the laser targets only the areas with excess pigmentation.
Different types of lasers are used depending on the specific type of pigmentation being treated. For example, Q-switched lasers are often used for treating darker pigmented spots, while fractional lasers can be effective for treating larger areas of pigmentation and improving overall skin texture.
IPL
IPL is similarly to lasers but uses a broad spectrum of light wavelengths instead of a single focused wavelength. The broad spectrum of light can target a range of pigments and can be adjusted with filters to address specific pigmentation concerns. The IPL energy is absorbed by the melanin in the pigmented areas, causing the pigment to fragment and be gradually absorbed by the body.
IPL devices allow for customization of the treatment parameters to target different types of pigmentation and various skin tones. They can also stimulate collagen production, which can further improve the overall appearance and texture of the skin.